Ethylene glycol is the simplest diol with the properties of alcohols. Its aqueous solution can significantly lower the freezing point of water, making it an excellent antifreeze and heat transfer medium. It is an important basic chemical raw material, and the global consumption structure is roughly as follows: polyester fiber accounts for about 45%, PET resin accounts for about 30%, automotive antifreeze accounts for about 15%, polyester film accounts for about 7%, and other industrial uses account for about 3%. The main application areas include: polyester synthesis (core monomers for producing polyethylene terephthalate (PET) resin, polyester fibers (polyester), and polyester films), antifreeze/coolant (main components of automotive engine antifreeze, industrial cooling cycle fluids, aviation and energy system cooling media), chemical intermediates (synthesis of glyoxal, oxalic acid, plasticizers, surfactants, etc.), solvents (excellent solvents for dyes, inks, coatings, etc.), natural gas dehydration (used as desiccants to remove water vapor from natural gas), cosmetics, explosives, unsaturated polyester resins, alkyd resins, brake fluids, photographic developers, etc.